Computing Provider Income

Swan Chain is a decentralized network that connects computing providers with users requiring computational resources. To foster early network growth and incentivize CPs to join and contribute resources, a dual compensation mechanism has been designed:

  1. Universal Basic Income (UBI): Provides CPs with a predictable token income when their resources are underutilized.

  2. Paid Jobs: Offers market-priced compensation for computational tasks requested by users.

This mechanism ensures a fair and gradual distribution of tokens to providers, supporting the network's expansion until it reaches a critical mass of user-paid tasks. Importantly, the UBI distribution rate is influenced by the resource usage rate, and CPs earn market-based compensation when engaged in paid jobs.

Total Income

The total daily income I(x) I(x) for a computing provider on day (x)( x ) comprises two components:

  • UBI Income yUBI(x)y_{\text{UBI}}(x)

  • Paid Job Income yPaid(x)y_{\text{Paid}}(x)

I(x)=yUBI(x)+yPaid(x)I(x) = y_{\text{UBI}}(x) + y_{\text{Paid}}(x)

Substituting the expressions for yUBI(x) y_{\text{UBI}}(x) and yPaid(x)y_{\text{Paid}}(x)

I(x)=AxBeCx(1u(x))+Pmarket(x)u(x)I(x) = A \cdot x^{B} \cdot e^{-C x} \cdot (1 - u(x)) + P_{\text{market}}(x) \cdot u(x)

Resource Usage Rate Impact

  • When u(x)=0u(x) = 0:

    • CP receives full UBI allocation.

    • No income from paid jobs.

  • When u(x)=1u(x) = 1 :

    • All resources are utilized by paid jobs.

    • CP receives full income from paid jobs.

    • No UBI allocation.

  • Intermediate Values:

    • CP's income is a combination of UBI and paid job compensation, proportional to resource utilization.

Individual CP's UBI

To calculate the UBI for a single CP, we consider both the resource usage and completion rates of tasks. UBI allocation is conditional on sufficient resource contribution and performance metrics:

(1) UBI Workload Calculation

  • Calculate the daily completion rate of a single ECP zk-task: PECPP_{\text{ECP}}

  • Calculate the completion rate of a single FCP sampling task: PFCPP_{\text{FCP}}

  • Number of GPUs: NECP(GPUk)N_{\text{ECP}}(GPU_k) and GPU types.

  • Calculate the total UBI workload:

UBItotal=UBIECP+UBIFCPUBI_{\text{total}} = UBI_{\text{ECP}} + UBI_{\text{FCP}}
UBIECP=i(kNECP,i(GPUk)×fk)UBI_{ECP}=\sum\limits_i (\sum\limits_k N_{ECP,i}(GPU_k) \times f_k)
UBIFCP=j(kNFCP,j(GPUk)×fk)WFCPUBI_{FCP}=\sum\limits_j (\sum\limits_k N_{FCP,j}(GPU_k) \times f_k) *W_{FCP}

(2) Calculating the UBI for a single CP:

As an ECP:

UBIECP,i(x)=kNECP,i(GPUk)×fk×PECP,iUBIECP+UBIFCP×yUBI(x)UBI_{\text{ECP},i}(x) = \frac{\sum\limits_k N_{\text{ECP},i}(GPU_k) \times f_k \times P_{\text{ECP},i}}{UBI_{\text{ECP}} + UBI_{\text{FCP}}} \times y_{\text{UBI}}(x)

As an FCP:

UBIFCP,i(x)=kNFCP,i(GPUk)×fk)×PFCP,i×WFCPUBIECP+UBIFCP×yUBI(x)UBI_{FCP,i}(x)= \frac{\sum\limits_k N_{FCP,i}(GPU_k) \times f_k) \times P_{FCP,i} \times W_{FCP} }{UBI_{ECP}+UBI_{FCP}} \times y_{\text{UBI}}(x)


Conditions for CP to Receive UBI

A CP must meet certain conditions to qualify for UBI:

  1. Sufficient Collateral:

CollateralECP=kNECP(GPUk)×Cbase×fkCollateral_{ECP}= \sum\limits_k N_{ECP}(GPU_k) \times C_{base} \times f_k
CollateralFCP=kNFCP(GPUk)×Cbase×fk×WFCPCollateral_{FCP}= \sum\limits_k N_{FCP}(GPU_k) \times C_{base} \times f_k \times W_{FCP}

Where:

  • NECP(GPUk)N_{ECP}(GPU_k) represents the number of ECP for GPUkGPU_k

  • CbaseC_{\text{base}} is the base collateral, with an initial value of 3500 (this value will be dynamically adjusted based on the daily computing units of the entire network; for specific adjustment rules, check here)

  • NFCP(GPUk)N_{\text{FCP}}(\text{GPU}_k) represents the number of GPUk\text{GPU}_k in FCP

  • NECP(GPUk)N_{\text{ECP}}(\text{GPU}_k) represents the number of GPUk \text{GPU}_k in ECP.

  • WFCPW_{FCP} represents the FCP resource bonus ratio, currently set at a constant value of 1.2

NOTE: The value of WFCPW_{FCP}, 1.2, means that if the same configuration of servers is deployed for FCP, it will generate 20% more earnings than ECP.

  1. Completion of Basic Test Tasks:

  • FCP: Sampling task

  • ECP: ZK task

  1. GPU count and type are also factored into the UBI eligibility.

Exit Mechanism:

  • CPs can exit by adjusting the setting of accepting tasks through their TaskType (ECP: 1, 2, 4; FCP: 3, 5).

  • CPs can request to withdraw their collateral, but this requires a 7-day confirmation period to ensure settlement before the withdrawal is finalized (first requestWithdraw, followed by confirmRequest after 7 days).

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